Understanding Place Value: Ones and Tens

Place value is a foundational math concept that helps children understand how numbers work. Students learn to group numbers into ones and tens, making it easier to read, write, and understand two-digit numbers (up to 99).


🧠 What Is Place Value?

Every digit in a number has a value based on its position.

For example:
In the number 42,

  • The 4 is in the tens place, meaning 40 (4 groups of 10).

  • The 2 is in the ones place, meaning 2 single units.

So, 42 = 40 + 2


🎓 Why Is Place Value Important?

  • Helps children build number sense.

  • Supports mental math, like estimating and regrouping.

  • Is a stepping stone to addition, subtraction, and beyond.


🧰 Teaching Strategies

🧱 Use Base-10 Blocks or Counters

  • Let children build numbers using rods (tens) and units (ones).

  • Physically group ten ones to trade for a ten rod.

🎲 Interactive Games

  • Play “Make a Number” with straws, blocks, or LEGO.

  • Roll dice to build two-digit numbers and identify the tens/ones.

📊 Visual Aids

  • Use place value charts to break numbers into tens and ones.

  • Create anchor charts with examples like 10 = 10 ones = 1 ten.


🎉 Fun Activities

ActivityDescription
Ten Frame FunUse 10-frames to show how tens and ones form larger numbers.
Place Value PocketsMake paper pockets labeled "Tens" and "Ones" and sort number cards.
Number MatchMatch base-10 blocks to written numbers and words.
Snap & BuildUse snap cubes to group 10s and create numbers like 13, 27, etc.

💡 Helpful Tips

  • Emphasize grouping: 10 ones = 1 ten.

  • Say numbers out loud while building them with materials.

  • Practice with both visual (blocks/charts) and verbal (explanations) methods.

  • Connect to real life: 10 fingers, 10 crayons in a box, etc.


🎧 Recommended Videos & Songs


📥 Downloadable Resources


Understanding ones and tens lays the groundwork for all future math learning. With hands-on tools, clear visuals, and a bit of creativity, young learners can master place value and become confident with numbers up to 100.